Adenylate cyclase is a membrane bound enzyme that catalyses the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP. The enzymatic activity is under the control of several hormones, and different polypeptides participate in the transduction of the signal from the receptor to the catalytic moiety. Stimulatory or inhibitory receptors (Rs and Ri) interact with G proteins (Gs and Gi) that exhibit GTPase activity and they modulate the activity of the catalytic subunit of the adenylyl cyclase [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],
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Function:
Catalytic activity:ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate.,cofactor:Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.,enzyme regulation:Activated by calcium/calmodulin.,Function:This is a membrane-bound, calcium-stimulable adenylyl cyclase. May be involved in learning, in memory and in drug dependence.,similarity:Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.,similarity:Contains 2 guanylate cyclase domains.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Basolateral cell membrane . Apical cell membrane . Cell junction, synapse . Cell projection, dendrite . Cell projection, axon . Cell junction, synapse, presynaptic cell membrane . Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic density . Membrane raft . Membrane, coated pit . Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane . Membrane, caveola . Localized to dendritic arbors (By similarity). Monomeric N-glycosylated species localizes in membrane raft. In contrast, monomeric unglycosylated forms are enriched in clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. Dimers are also localized outside of membrane rafts. Membrane raft localization and integrity is indispensable for CCE-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity (By similarity). .
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Tissue Expression:
Detected in brain cortex (PubMed:1715695). Expressed in islet (PubMed:25403481).