This gene encodes one of two cannabinoid receptors. The cannabinoids, principally delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic analogs, are psychoactive ingredients of marijuana. The cannabinoid receptors are members of the guanine-nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) coupled receptor family, which inhibit adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent, stereoselective and pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. The two receptors have been found to be involved in the cannabinoid-induced CNS effects (including alterations in mood and cognition) experienced by users of marijuana. Multiple transcript variants encoding two different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009],
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Function:
Function:Involved in cannabinoid-induced CNS effects. Acts by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Could be a receptor for anandamide. Inhibits L-type Ca(2+) channel current. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 have altered ligand binding.,similarity:Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.,subunit:Interacts (via C-terminus) with CNRIP1.,tissue specificity:Widely expressed.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Membrane raft . Mitochondrion outer membrane . Cell projection, axon . Cell junction, synapse, presynapse . Unexpectedly, in the mitochondria, the C-terminus is located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, a compartment topologically considered as extracellular. In canonical seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors, the C-terminus is cytosolic (By similarity). Found on presynaptic axon terminals in some GABAergic neurons in the somatosensory cortex (By similarity). .
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Tissue Expression:
Widely expressed, with highest levels in fetal and adult brain. Expression levels of isoform 2 and isoform 3 are much lower than those of isoform 1.