Catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of glycine to the 3'-end of its cognate tRNA, via the formation of an aminoacyl-adenylate intermediate (Gly-AMP) . Also produces diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), a universal pleiotropic signaling molecule needed for cell regulation pathways, by direct condensation of 2 ATPs. Thereby, may play a special role in Ap4A homeostasis .
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Cellular Localization:
Cytoplasm . Cell projection, axon . Secreted . Secreted, extracellular exosome . In transfected COS7 cells, not detected in mitochondria, nor in Golgi apparatus (PubMed:17035524). Secreted by motor neuron, possibly through the exosome pathway (By similarity). .; [Isoform 1]: Mitochondrion . Cytoplasm .; [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm . Cell projection, axon .
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Tissue Expression:
Widely expressed, including in brain and spinal cord. ; [Isoform 2]: Expressed in brain, spinal cord, muscle, heart and spleen. ; [Isoform 1]: Expressed in brain, spinal cord, muscle, heart, spleen and liver.