Plays a role in ciliogenesis. ; [Isoform 1]: Pericentriolar protein required to maintain mitotic spindle pole integrity . Required for the centrosomal accumulation of PCM1 and the recruitment of centriolar satellite proteins such as BBS4. Via association with PCM1 may be involved in primary cilia formation . Required for CEP63 centrosomal localization and its interaction with WDR62. Together with CEP63 promotes centriole duplication. Promotes the centrosomal localization of CDK2 . ; [Isoform 4]: The secreted form is a mediator of progesterone that by acting on the phospholipase A2 enzyme interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism, induces a Th2 biased immune response, and by controlling decidual naturakl killer cells (NK) activity exerts an anti-abortive effect . Increases the production of Th2-type cytokines by signaling via the JAK/STAT pathway. Activates STAT6 and inhibits STAT4 phosphorylation. Signaling via a not identified receptor seems to implicate IL4R and a GPI-anchored protein .
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Cellular Localization:
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome . Cytoplasm . Secreted . In progesterone-treated astrocytoma cells a 57 kDa protein and isoform 1 (90 kDa) have been described, both being located in the intracellular medium and secreted. Respective predominant forms are isoform 1 in the intracellular and the 57 kDa protein in the extracellular medium (PubMed:25218441). .; [Isoform 1]: Nucleus . Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome . Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriolar satellite . Secreted . Localizes to centriolar satellites throughout the cell cycle. .; [Isoform 4]: Secreted . Secreted by progesterone-treated lymphocytes (PubMed:14634107). .
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Tissue Expression:
Expressed at highest levels in testis. Moderate expression is detected in spleen, thymus, prostate, ovary, small intestine, and colon (PubMed:11935316). Expressed in the first trimester pregnancy decidua (PubMed:12516630). Localized to extravillous cytotrophoblast (at protein level). Also found in syncytiotrophoblast and part of the villous cytotrophoblast. Isoform 1 is expressed in first trimester and term villous trophoblast; trophoblast cells can additionally express other isoforms (PubMed:18817979). Overexpressed in solid tumors from stomach and uterus and in cells from ovary, cervical, breast, lymphoma and leukemia cancer (PubMed:25218441).