This gene encodes a transmembrane proteolipid protein that is the predominant component of myelin. The encoded protein may play a role in the compaction, stabilization, and maintenance of myelin sheaths, as well as in oligodendrocyte development and axonal survival. Mutations in this gene cause Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2. Alternatively splicing results in multiple transcript variants, including the DM20 splice variant. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015],
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Function:
Disease:Defects in PLP1 are the cause of leukodystrophy hypomyelinating type 1 (HLD1) [MIM:312080]; also known as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. HLD1 is an X-linked recessive dysmyelinating disorder of the central nervous system in which myelin is not formed properly. It is characterized clinically by nystagmus, spastic quadriplegia, ataxia, and developmental delay.,Disease:Defects in PLP1 are the cause of spastic paraplegia X-linked type 2 (SPG2) [MIM:312920]. SPG2 is characterized by spastic gait and hyperreflexia. In some patients, complicating features include nystagmus, dysarthria, sensory disturbance, mental retardation, optic atrophy.,Function:This is the major myelin protein from the central nervous system. It plays an important role in the formation or maintenance of the multilamellar structure of myelin.,similarity:Belongs to the myelin proteolipid protein family.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Myelin membrane . Colocalizes with SIRT2 in internodal regions, at paranodal axoglial junction and Schmidt-Lanterman incisures of myelin sheat. .