Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD; EC 1.1.1.14) catalyzes the interconversion of polyols and their corresponding ketoses, and together with aldose reductase (ALDR1; MIM 103880), makes up the sorbitol pathway that is believed to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications (summarized by Carr and Markham, 1995 [PubMed 8535074]). The first reaction of the pathway (also called the polyol pathway) is the reduction of glucose to sorbitol by ALDR1 with NADPH as the cofactor. SORD then oxidizes the sorbitol to fructose using NAD(+) cofactor.[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2010],
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Function:
Catalytic activity:L-iditol + NAD(+) = L-sorbose + NADH.,cofactor:Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.,similarity:Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.,subunit:Homotetramer.,
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Cellular Localization:
Mitochondrion membrane ; Peripheral membrane protein . Cell projection, cilium, flagellum . Associated with mitochondria of the midpiece and near the plasma membrane in the principal piece of the flagellum. Also found in the epididymosome, secreted by the epididymal epithelium and that transfers proteins from the epididymal fluid to the sperm surface. .
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Tissue Expression:
Expressed in liver (PubMed:3365415). Expressed in kidney and epithelial cells of both benign and malignant prostate tissue. Expressed in epididymis (at protein level).
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Research Areas:
>>Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ;
>>Fructose and mannose metabolism ;
>>Metabolic pathways