Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the
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Function:
Function:Receptor on natural killer (NK) cells for HLA-C alleles. Does not inhibit the activity of NK cells.,similarity:Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.,similarity:Contains 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
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Tissue Expression:
Blood,Lymphoid,Natu
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Research Areas:
>>Antigen processing and presentation ;
>>Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity