This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyses the first step in the formation of crosslinks in collagens and elastin. A highly conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus end appears to be sufficient for amine oxidase activity, suggesting that each family member may retain this function. The N-terminus is poorly conserved and may impart additional roles in developmental regulation, senescence, tumor suppression, cell growth control, and chemotaxis to each member of the family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],
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Function:
cofactor:Contains 1 lysine tyrosylquinone.,cofactor:Copper.,PTM:The lysine tyrosylquinone cross-link (LTQ) is generated by condensation of the epsilon-amino group of a lysine with a topaquinone produced by oxidation of tyrosine.,similarity:Belongs to the lysyl oxidase family.,similarity:Contains 4 SRCR domains.,tissue specificity:Expressed in many tissues. Highest expression in reproductive tissues, placenta, uterus and prostate.,
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Cellular Localization:
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix, basement membrane . Nucleus . Chromosome . Endoplasmic reticulum . Associated with chromatin (PubMed:27735137). It is unclear how LOXL2 is nuclear as it contains a signal sequence and has been shown to be secreted (PubMed:23319596). However, a number of reports confirm its intracellular location and its key role in transcription regulation (PubMed:22204712, PubMed:22483618). .
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Tissue Expression:
Expressed in many tissues (PubMed:10212285). Highest expression in reproductive tissues, placenta, uterus and prostate (PubMed:10212285). In esophageal epithelium, expressed in the basal, prickle and granular cell layers (PubMed:22204712). Up-regulated in a number of cancers cells and tissues.