The Escherichia coli AlkB protein protects against the cytotoxicity of methylating agents by repair of the specific DNA lesions generated in single-stranded DNA. ALKBH2 (MIM 610602) and ALKBH3 are E. coli AlkB homologs that catalyze the removal of 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine (Duncan et al., 2002 [PubMed 12486230]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008],
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Function:
cofactor:Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.,enzyme regulation:Activated by ascorbate.,Function:Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA containing 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine by oxidative demethylation. Has a strong preference for single-stranded DNA. May also act on RNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron.,similarity:Belongs to the alkB family.,tissue specificity:Detected in heart, pancreas, skeletal muscle, thymus, testis, ovary, spleen, prostate, small intestine, peripheral blood leukocytes, urinary bladder and colon.,
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Cellular Localization:
Nucleus . Cytoplasm . Colocalizes with ASCC2 and ASCC3 in nuclear foci when cells have been exposed to alkylating agents that cause DNA damage (PubMed:29144457). Predominantly localizes to the nucleus. .
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Tissue Expression:
Ubiquitous. Detected in heart, pancreas, skeletal muscle, thymus, testis, ovary, spleen, prostate, small intestine, peripheral blood leukocytes, urinary bladder and colon.