This gene encodes a member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The encoded protein is a p38 MAP kinase and is activated by proinflammatory cytokines and cellular stress. Substrates of the encoded protein include the transcription factor ATF2 and the microtubule dynamics regulator stathmin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012],
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Function:
Catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.,cofactor:Magnesium.,Domain:The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.,enzyme regulation:Activated by phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K3 and MAP2K6.,Function:Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Plays a role in the regulation of protein translation by phosphorylating and inactivating EEF2K.,PTM:Dually phosphorylated on Thr-180 and Tyr-182, which activates the enzyme.,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain.,tissue specificity:Expressed in testes, pancreas, small intestine, lung and kidney. Abundant in macrophages, also present in neutrophils, CD4+ T-cells, and endothelial cells.,
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Cellular Localization:
intracellular,cytosol,
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Tissue Expression:
Expressed in testes, pancreas, small intestine, lung and kidney. Abundant in macrophages, also present in neutrophils, CD4+ T-cells, and endothelial cells.