The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains a C-terminal PEST motif, which serves as a protein-protein interaction domain, and may regulate protein intracellular half-life. This PTP was found to bind and dephosphorylate the product of the oncogene c-ABL and thus may play a role in oncogenesis. This PTP was also shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate, various products related to cytoskeletal structure and cell adhesion, such as p130 (Cas), CAKbeta/PTK2B, PSTPIP1, and paxillin. This suggests it has a regulatory role in controlling cell shape and mobility. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoform
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Function:
Catalytic activity:Protein tyrosine phosphate + H(2)O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.,Disease:Defects in PTPN12 are found in some colon cancers.,similarity:Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 4 subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain.,subunit:Interacts with TGFB1I1 (By similarity). Interacts with PSTPIP1.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cytoplasm . Cell junction, focal adhesion . Cell projection, podosome . Partial translocation to focal adhesion sites may be mediated by interaction with SORBS2. .