In mammalian cells, 2 broad groups of centromere-interacting proteins have been described: constitutively binding centromere proteins and 'passenger,' or transiently interacting, proteins (reviewed by Choo, 1997). The constitutive proteins include CENPA (centromere protein A; MIM 117139), CENPB (MIM 117140), CENPC1 (MIM 117141), and CENPD (MIM 117142). The term 'passenger proteins' encompasses a broad collection of proteins that localize to the centromere during specific stages of the cell cycle (Earnshaw and Mackay, 1994 [PubMed 8088460]). These include CENPE (MIM 117143); MCAK (MIM 604538); KID (MIM 603213); cytoplasmic dynein (e.g., MIM 600112); CliPs (e.g., MIM 179838); and CENPF/mitosin (MIM 600236). The inner centromere proteins (INCENPs) (Earnshaw and Cooke, 1991 [PubMed 1860899]), the initial members of the passenger protein group, display a broad localization alo
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Function:
Caution:PubMed:11139336 experiments have been carried out partly in chicken and partly in human.,Function:Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Probably acts through association with AURKB or AURKC. Seems to bind directly to microtubules.,similarity:Belongs to the INCENP family.,subcellular location:Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalizes with AURKB at mitotic chromosomes.,subunit:Homodimer or heterodimer. Interacts with H2AFZ (By similarity). Interacts with CBX3. Interacts with tubulin beta chain. Interacts with AURKB and AURKC. Component of the CPC at least composed of BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP and AURKB/Aurora-B. Interacts with EVI5.,
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Cellular Localization:
Nucleus . Chromosome, centromere . Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle . Midbody . Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore . Colocalized at synaptonemal complex central element from zygotene up to late pachytene when it begins to relocalize to heterochromatic chromocenters. Colocalizes with AURKB at a connecting strand traversing the centromere region and joining sister kinetochores, in metaphase II centromeres. This strand disappears at the metaphase II/anaphase II transition and relocalizes to the spindle midzone (By similarity). Colocalizes with AURKB at mitotic chromosomes (PubMed:11453556). Localizes to inner kinetochore (PubMed:16760428). Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis (PubMed:15316025). Cocalizes to the equatorial cell cortex at anaphase (PubMed:11453556). .