The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases characterized by the formation of an aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the reaction cycle. These enzymes remove bivalent calcium ions from eukaryotic cells against very large concentration gradients and play a critical role in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The mammalian plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoforms are encoded by at least four separate genes and the diversity of these enzymes is further increased by alternative splicing of transcripts. The expression of different isoforms and splice variants is regulated in a developmental, tissue- and cell type-specific manner, suggesting that these pumps are functionally adapted to the physiological needs of particular cells and tissues. This gene encodes the plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 2. Alternatively spliced tran
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Function:
Alternative products:There is a combination of two alternative spliced domains at N-terminal site A (W, X and Z) and at C-terminal site C (A and B). So far the splice sites have only been studied independently. Experimental confirmation may be lacking for some isoforms,Catalytic activity:ATP + H(2)O + Ca(2+)(Cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca(2+)(Trans).,Function:This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell.,similarity:Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) family.,similarity:Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) family. Type IIB subfamily.,tissue specificity:Mainly expressed in brain cortex. Found in low levels in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, stomach, liver, kidney and lung. Isoforms containing segment B are found in brain cortex and at low levels in other tissues. Isoforms containing segments X and W are found at low levels in all tissues. Isoforms containing segment A and segment Z are found at low levels in skeletal muscle and heart muscle.,
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Cellular Localization:
Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Cell junction, synapse .; [Isoform WA]: Apical cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Basolateral cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform WB]: Apical cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Basolateral cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform XB]: Basolateral cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform ZA]: Basolateral cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform ZB]: Basolateral cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .
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Tissue Expression:
Mainly expressed in brain cortex. Found in low levels in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, stomach, liver, kidney and lung. Isoforms containing segment B are found in brain cortex and at low levels in other tissues. Isoforms containing segments X and W are found at low levels in all tissues. Isoforms containing segment A and segment Z are found at low levels in skeletal muscle and heart muscle.
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Research Areas:
>>Calcium signaling pathway ;
>>cGMP-PKG signaling pathway ;
>>cAMP signaling pathway ;
>>Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes ;
>>Aldosterone synthesis and secretion ;
>>Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption ;
>>Salivary secretion ;
>>Pancreatic secretion ;
>>Mineral absorption