SMAD1/SMAD5/SMAD9

MAPKKK cascade, skeletal system development, ossification, osteoblast differentiation, urogenital system development, formation of primary germ layer, mesoderm formation, mesodermal cell fate commitment, kidney development, osteoblast fate commitment, transcription, regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, RNA processing, protein complex assembly, defense response,inflammatory response, cell surface receptor linked signal transduction, enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway, transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway, transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway, SMAD protein complex assembly, intracellular signaling cascade, protein kinase cascade, gamete generation, gastrulation, pattern specification process, mesoderm development, negative regulation of cell proliferation, response to wounding, response to endogenous stimulus, embryonic pattern specification,positive regulation of biosynthetic process, response to organic substance, response to organic nitrogen, positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process, positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process, negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process, posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, positive regulation of gene expression, negative regulation of gene expression, positive regulation of cell development, regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation, regulation of neuron projection development, posttranscriptional gene silencing, gene silencing, sexual reproduction, regulation of cell morphogenesis, regulation of ossification, BMP signaling pathway, midbrain development, hindbrain development, gene silencing by RNA, dsRNA fragmentation,primary microRNA processing, positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process, regulation of cell projection organization, positive regulation of cell projection organization, multicellular organism reproduction, ncRNA processing,cellular macromolecular complex subunit organization, cellular macromolecular complex assembly, posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA, gene silencing by miRNA, gene silencing by miRNA, production of miRNAs, regulation of gene expression, epigenetic, wound healing, regulation of cell proliferation, response to drug, homeostatic process,response to dsRNA, cellular protein complex assembly, macromolecular complex subunit organization, cell fate commitment, regulation of transcription, positive regulation of cell differentiation, regulation of neuron differentiation,regulation of osteoblast differentiation, positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation, regulation of anti-apoptosis,positive regulation of anti-apoptosis, positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process, positive regulation of transcription, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, mesoderm morphogenesis, mesodermal cell differentiation, embryonic morphogenesis, reproductive process in a multicellular organism, tissue morphogenesis,regulation of dendrite morphogenesis, regulation of neurogenesis, positive regulation of neurogenesis, regulation of dendrite development, positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis, positive regulation of developmental process,positive regulation of cellular component organization, positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process,regulation of RNA metabolic process, positive regulation of RNA metabolic process, regulation of nervous system development, regulation of cell development, bone development, macromolecular complex assembly, protein complex biogenesis,

Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Cytoplasmic in the absence of ligand. Migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4 (PubMed:15647271). Co-localizes with LEMD3 at the nucleus inner membrane (PubMed:15647271). Exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm when dephosphorylated (By similarity). .

Ubiquitous. Highest expression seen in the heart and skeletal muscle.