ENO2

Gamma-enolase ;
2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase ;
Enolase 2 ;
Neural enolase ;
Neuron-specific enolase ;
NSE ;

catalytic activity:2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H(2)O.,cofactor:Magnesium. Required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.,developmental stage:During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells.,function:Has neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties on a broad spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Binds, in a calcium-dependent manner, to cultured neocortical neurons and promotes cell survival.,induction:Levels of ENO2 increase dramatically in cardiovascular accidents, cerebral trauma, brain tumors and Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease.,pathway:Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5.,similarity:Belongs to the enolase family.,subcellular location:Can translocate to the plasma membrane in either the homodimeric (alpha/alpha) or heterodimeric (alpha/gamma) form.,subunit:Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific.,tissue specificity:The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.,

monosaccharide metabolic process, glucose metabolic process, glucose catabolic process, pyruvate metabolic process,generation of precursor metabolites and energy, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, response to endogenous stimulus,response to hormone stimulus, response to organic substance, response to organic cyclic substance, carbohydrate biosynthetic process, carbohydrate catabolic process, hexose metabolic process, hexose biosynthetic process, hexose catabolic process, response to estradiol stimulus, cellular carbohydrate biosynthetic process, response to drug,response to estrogen stimulus, cellular carbohydrate catabolic process, alcohol catabolic process, alcohol biosynthetic process, monosaccharide biosynthetic process, monosaccharide catabolic process, response to steroid hormone stimulus,

Cytoplasm . Cell membrane . Can translocate to the plasma membrane in either the homodimeric (alpha/alpha) or heterodimeric (alpha/gamma) form. .

The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.