PPARG

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ;
PPAR-gamma ;
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3 ;

alternative products:Additional isoforms seem to exist,disease:Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.,disease:Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension.,disease:Defects in PPARG may be associated with colon cancer.,disease:Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity [MIM:601665].,disease:Variation in PPARG is associated with carotid intimal medial thickness 1 (CIMT1) [MIM:609338]. CIMT is a measure of atherosclerosis that is independently associated with traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors and coronary atherosclerotic burden. 35 to 45% of the variability in multivariable-adjusted CIMT is explained by genetic factors.,function:Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis.,online information:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor entry,online information:The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database,polymorphism:Genetic variation in PPARG may influence body mass index (BMI) [MIM:606641]. BMI reflects the amount of fat, lean mass, and body build.,similarity:Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.,similarity:Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.,subunit:Forms a heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with coactivator PPARBP, leading to a mild increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with FAM120B (By similarity). Interacts with NOCA7 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with NCOA1 LXXLL motifs. Interacts with TGFB1I1. Interacts with DNTTIP2.,tissue specificity:Highest expression in adipose tissue. Lower in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Also detectable in placenta, lung and ovary.,

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, regulation of cell growth, regulation of cytokine production, negative regulation of cytokine production, placenta development, immune system development,leukocyte differentiation, myeloid leukocyte differentiation, regulation of acute inflammatory response, negative regulation of acute inflammatory response, circulatory system process, transcription, regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, lipid transport, defense response, immune response, response to nutrient, blood circulation, protein localization, regulation of blood pressure, negative regulation of cell proliferation, regulation of cell size, response to temperature stimulus, response to cold, response to abiotic stimulus, response to endogenous stimulus, response to hormone stimulus, negative regulation of biosynthetic process, positive regulation of biosynthetic process, response to extracellular stimulus, response to organic substance, regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, positive regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, negative regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process, negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process, regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process, positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process, negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process, positive regulation of gene expression, negative regulation of gene expression, positive regulation of cell development, regulation of foam cell differentiation, negative regulation of foam cell differentiation, regulation of receptor biosynthetic process, negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process, lipid localization, regulation of lipid storage, regulation of cholesterol storage, negative regulation of cholesterol storage, negative regulation of lipid storage, regulation of sequestering of triglyceride,negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride, regulation of gliogenesis, positive regulation of gliogenesis,response to organic cyclic substance, response to purine, protein transport, monocarboxylic acid transport, organic acid transport, fatty acid transport, long-chain fatty acid transport, negative regulation of transcription, regulation of lipid metabolic process, regulation of fatty acid metabolic process, developmental maturation, hemopoiesis, myeloid cell differentiation, monocyte differentiation, negative regulation of cell growth, epithelial cell differentiation, response to caffeine, regeneration, organ regeneration, negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process, positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process, negative regulation of defense response, response to nutrient levels, regulation of response to external stimulus, negative regulation of response to external stimulus, regulation of cellular component size, negative regulation of gene-specific transcription, regulation of gene-specific transcription, low-density lipoprotein receptor metabolic process, receptor biosynthetic process, response to insulin stimulus, cellular response to insulin stimulus, cellular response to hormone stimulus, response to vitamin A, response to vitamin, carbohydrate homeostasis, response to lipid, regulation of growth, regulation of cell proliferation, response to drug, homeostatic process, glucose homeostasis, lipoprotein transport, negative regulation of catalytic activity, receptor metabolic process, positive regulation of gene-specific transcription, response to alkaloid, response to peptide hormone stimulus, response to estrogen stimulus, negative regulation of molecular function, innate immune response, cell fate commitment, establishment of protein localization, fat cell differentiation, regulation of transcription, negative regulation of cell differentiation, positive regulation of cell differentiation, regulation of fat cell differentiation, positive regulation of fat cell differentiation, regulation of glial cell differentiation, positive regulation of glial cell differentiation,low-density lipoprotein receptor biosynthetic process, negative regulation of cell size, positive regulation of lipid metabolic process, negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process, negative regulation of growth, negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process, positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process, positive regulation of transcription, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, regulation of fatty acid oxidation, positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation,carboxylic acid transport, cell maturation, hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development, response to steroid hormone stimulus, negative regulation of response to stimulus, regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation, positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation, chemical homeostasis, regulation of inflammatory response, negative regulation of inflammatory response, regulation of neurogenesis, positive regulation of neurogenesis, white fat cell differentiation,brown fat cell differentiation, positive regulation of developmental process, negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process, positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process, negative regulation of multicellular organismal process, regulation of RNA metabolic process, negative regulation of RNA metabolic process, positive regulation of RNA metabolic process, regulation of transferase activity, negative regulation of transferase activity,regulation of nervous system development, regulation of telomerase activity, negative regulation of telomerase activity, lipid homeostasis, response to lipoprotein stimulus, response to low density lipoprotein stimulus, regulation of cell development, epithelium development,

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Redistributed from the nucleus to the cytosol through a MAP2K1/MEK1-dependent manner. NOCT enhances its nuclear translocation.

Highest expression in adipose tissue. Lower in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Also detectable in placenta, lung and ovary.