PRKACA/PRKACB

catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.,enzyme regulation:Activated by cAMP.,function:Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus.,PTM:Asn-3 is partially deaminated to Asp giving rise to 2 major isoelectric variants, called CB and CA respectively.,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain.,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain.,subcellular location:Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric catalytic subunit) (By similarity). The inactive holoenzyme is found in the cytoplasm.,subunit:A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits.,tissue specificity:Isoform 2 is sperm specific.,

formation of primary germ layer, mesoderm formation, protein amino acid phosphorylation, phosphorus metabolic process, phosphate metabolic process, intracellular signaling cascade, protein kinase cascade, gastrulation,mesoderm development, response to endogenous stimulus, response to hormone stimulus, hormone-mediated signaling, response to organic substance, phosphorylation, peptidyl-serine phosphorylation, peptidyl-serine modification, regulation of phosphate metabolic process, regulation of neurological system process, activation of protein kinase activity, regulation of intracellular transport, positive regulation of intracellular transport, cellular response to hormone stimulus, regulation of protein localization, regulation of intracellular protein transport, positive regulation of kinase activity, activation of protein kinase A activity, regulation of phosphorylation, positive regulation of catalytic activity, regulation of cellular respiration, regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy,regulation of kinase activity, regulation of system process, positive regulation of molecular function, regulation of protein kinase activity, positive regulation of protein kinase activity, protein amino acid autophosphorylation,regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport, positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport, regulation of protein export from nucleus, positive regulation of protein export from nucleus, mesoderm morphogenesis, embryonic morphogenesis, tissue morphogenesis, regulation of synaptic transmission, positive regulation of transport, regulation of phosphorus metabolic process, positive regulation of protein transport, regulation of protein transport, regulation of transferase activity, positive regulation of transferase activity, regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic,regulation of transmission of nerve impulse, regulation of cellular localization, regulation of establishment of protein localization,

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Nucleus . Mitochondrion . Membrane ; Lipid-anchor . Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric catalytic subunit). The inactive holoenzyme is found in the cytoplasm. Distributed throughout the cytoplasm in meiotically incompetent oocytes. Associated to mitochondrion as meiotic competence is acquired. Aggregates around the germinal vesicles (GV) at the immature GV stage oocytes (By similarity). Colocalizes with HSF1 in nuclear stress bodies (nSBs) upon heat shock (PubMed:21085490). .; [Isoform 2]: Cell projection, cilium, flagellum . Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome . Expressed in the midpiece region of the sperm flagellum (PubMed:10906071). Colocalizes with MROH2B and TCP11 on the acrosome and tail regions in round spermatids and spermatozoa regardless of the capacitation status of the sperm (By similarity). .

Isoform 1 is ubiquitous. Isoform 2 is sperm-specific and is enriched in pachytene spermatocytes but is not detected in round spermatids.